Correctional System V.S Rehabilitation - 1103 Words

The correctional system has three main goals: punish, protect the population and rehabilitate the offender. However, it is unclear how well the modern U.S. correctional system achieves these goals and whether the money invested in the correctional system might be better spent. (http://www.ehow.com/about_5087269_role-correctional-system.html) The only goal the correctional system has is to punish those who are incarcerated, so they never commit another crime and have to come back. It is the most common way of punishment besides capital punishment, parole or probation. Its supose to teach them a lesson and be the most affective way, but is it? The correctional system is also supposed to rehabilitate inmates. Rehabilitation, if done well,†¦show more content†¦Thats why some people argue rehabilitation over punishment.Until the mid-1970s, rehabilitation was a key part of U.S. prison policy. Prisoners were encouraged to develop occupational skills and to resolve psychological pro blems--such as substance abuse or aggression--that might interfere with their reintegration into society. Indeed, many inmates received court sentences that mandated treatment for such problems.In many prison systems, psychologists are the primary mental health care providers, with psychiatrists contracted on a part-time basis. Psychologists provide services ranging from screening new inmates for mental illness to providing group therapy and crisis counseling.They also provide rehabilitative services that are useful even for prisoners without serious mental illnesses, says Fagan. For example, a psychologist might develop special programs for substance abusers or help prisoners prepare for the transition back to the community.Another constraint is the basic philosophical difference between psychology, which is rehabilitative at heart, and corrections, which is currently punishment-oriented.Right now theres such a focus on punishment--most criminal justice or correctional systems are punitive in nature--that its hard to develop effective rehabilitative programs .(http://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug03/rehab.aspx) Rehabilitation can and cant speak for itself forShow MoreRelatedThe Effectiveness of U.S. and Scandinavian Penal and Prisons Systems3045 Words   |  13 PagesJoe is a prisoner in a United States penitentiary convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. Johan is a prisoner in a Norwegian Correctional Facility also convicted of assault with a deadly weapon and attempted robbery. After eight years of serving their time in custody, they are released back out into society, the world beyond their prison walls. During the following month after their release, Joe has once again been arrested for assault and attempted robbery while Johan hasRead MoreThe Criminal Practice Justice System in India7023 Words   |  29 PagesResearch Methodology: THE CRIMINAL PRACTICE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDIA THE CRIMINAL PRACTICE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDIA CONTENTS Introduction and organisational context The Department The history of Bombay High Court The History of Supreme court New Delhi The Department’s of Indin Criminal law 3.1. The Indian Penal Code 3.2. The Code of Criminal Procedure(CrPC) in India. 3.3. The Indian Evidence Act. The debate issues in bombay high court - case laws Aim, objectives and outputs

Essay on Finance - 1489 Words

Corporate Finance: Theory Practice 25557 Assignment 1) What are the appropriate costs of capital for the GPS transmitter and surveillance aircraft projects? The cost of capital is used to discount the expected cash flow of a proposed project to its present value to make an evaluation of whether to proceed or drop out the project. Normally, a company cost of capital or WACC is used as the discount rate for projects. However, as WACC represents the average rate of return demanded by investors in the companys debt and equity securities, it is only a suitable discount rate for projects that have same risk as the companys existing business. Some companies use the WACC as a starting point or benchmark then add or subtract for riskier or†¦show more content†¦We assume they have similar characteristics. ÃŽ ²A = (D/D+E)* ÃŽ ²D + (E/D+E)* ÃŽ ²E ÃŽ ²E = 1.666 (D/D+E) = debt to total capital ratio = 40% Equity to total capital ratio = 1 - (D/D+E) = (E/D+E) = 60% We know ÃŽ ²D = 0 , therefore (D/D+E)* ÃŽ ²D = 0 Therefore: ÃŽ ²A = (E/D+E)* ÃŽ ²E = 0.6 * 1.666 = 0.9996 Rproject = rf + ÃŽ ²A (rm - rf) rf = 4% (Government spot rate) = 0.04 + 0.9996 (0.05) rm - rf = 5% (market risk premium from case) Rproject = 0.08998 Rogers believe the industry for the GPS transmitter is very risky as it is based on the business cycle, therefore it is decided a 3% is added to the cost of capital for additional project risk. Also it is HMTs company policy to add issuance cost to cost of capital. The new equity capital is raised from retained earnings and the equity issuance cost for HMT is 5%. As such, the appropriate cost of capital for the GPS transmitter project isShow MoreRelatedFinance1352 Words   |  6 Pagesfinancial manager differ from the traditional financial manager? 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Computation of Tremendous Net Present Value and IRR †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Reasons for consideration of proposal despite the computation of tremendous Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Answer: According to the provided case study, Ed Draycutt is the engineering manager of Airway Technologies. This organisation is involved in making computer systems for control installations of air traffic at the airports. The person has proposed a new device and the success is reliant on two distinct events. This device would cost $20 million; however, this has been a considerable investment for the organisation. However, the organisation could incur serious losses and it might result in liquidation, if the system fails to work. However, there are certain risks associated with the proposal despite the positive values of NPV and IRR. The major problem associated with this is that there has been no depiction of 4% probability in the presentation that the organisation might lose $20 million. Hence, this necessitates the organisation to re-consider the business proposal with other techniques for evaluating the actual feasibility of investment (Baum Crosby, 2014). Although both NPV and IRR are considered the best measures of investment appraisal, however, these methods have certain limitations. The NPV method does not take into account the negative effects of inflation, which might reduce the profitability and productivity of an investment appraisal (Dyson Berry, 2014). On the other hand, the internal rate of return fails to take into account the time value of money. In addition, this method also fails to consider the negative impact of inflation, which might negatively influence the scope of the investment appraisal (Gtze, Northcott Schuster, 2015). Moreover, the project size could not be gauged with the help of the method of net present value. Another disadvantage associated with the method of internal rate of return is that it could lead to conflicting results for mutually exclusive projects. Moreover, Ed Draycutt has not added the method of including risk premium to the rate of discount. This is intended mainly to adjust the risk, which could increase the cost artificially or incorrectly (Gtze, Northcott Schuster, 2015). Moreover, when the incorporation of risk premium is made into the discount rate, it results in compounding impact from additional risk premium. As a result, such compounding effects could lead to a lower NPV. Hence, Airway Technologies might incur severe losses, if it adopts the proposed system. However, it has been observed that if the system A is not adopted, the Airway could lose the entire amount invested in the development of new service. Furthermore, if the industrial standard requires the system A, it would help the organisation to become the market leader, as o other organisation has the similar device available. Hence, in order to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed investment, Airway Technologies is required to consider the inflationary effects and the probability factor by reducing the estimates of cash flows by 4%. Such technique would help in minimising the overall project risk and hence, appropriate decision could be undertaken regarding the commencement of the proposed investment on system A. References: Baum, A. E., Crosby, N. (2014).Property investment appraisal. John Wiley Sons. Dyson, R. G., Berry, R. H. (2014). Capital investment appraisal.Developments in Operational Research: Frontiers of Operational Research and Applied Systems Analysis, 59. Gtze, U., Northcott, D. Schuster, P. (2015). Capital Budgeting and Investment Decisions. InInvestment Appraisal(pp. 3-26). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Gtze, U., Northcott, D., Schuster, P. (2015).Investment appraisal: methods and models. Springer.